a-
, prefix used as augment in the aor. (resp. impf.)tense of verbs as well as in the conditional forms, equal
to the same prefix in sa., but in Pāli it is very often
dropped (see Geiger § 158), which is probably due to
peculiar prosodical features. Even after the prohibitive
particle mā (q. v.) it often occurs, differently from sa.
— With a foll. or prec. a (ā) it is contracted to
â, e. g. âsi(ṁ), âsuṁ, ud-ânesi, apâ-nudi, avâ-cari,
upâ-gami, pâ-hesi; note also the lengthening of a in
pātvā-kāsi (from pātu-karoti), sacchā-kāsi (besides
sacchi-a-kāsi and sacchi-kāsi, from sacchi-karoti),
manasā-kāsi (besides manasi-a-kāsi and manasi-kāsi).
As seen from these examples the augment always im-
mediately precedes the verbal root, and thus we have
with prp. ati: acc-a-gā, with adhi: ajjh-a-gā, with
anu: anv-a-gā or ann-a-gā, with abhi: abbh-a-ññāsi,
with paṭi: pacc-a-bhāsi, with pari: pary-a-gā, and
with vi: vy-a-gamā, etc.; in ajjha-so-vasi, Bv III 26
= IV 19 (p. 20-22), the augment and the prp. are
separated from the verb (tmesis). — After the augment
an original double cons. is preserved, e. g. a-ggahiṁ,
a-cchidā (and after this analogy also a-bbhidā, from
√bhid), a-ññāsi, a-ṭṭhāsi, a-ddakkhi, ud-a-bbadhi
(√vyadh), a-ssosi (√çru), while ud-a-ddhari (v. l. ud-a-
bbhari) is perhaps a blending of uddhari and *ud-a-
hari. Likewise we find double cons. (: sa. single
cons. + ṛ) in a-ddasa (√dṛç, or after the analogy of
a-ddakkhi), a-ssaji (√sṛj, cf. sa. asrākṣīt); on the other
hand we find e. g. a-phassayi (√spṛç), a-bhassatha
(√bhraṁç), a-sāyisuṁ (√svād).
Rem. a. In some few instances the augment
is placed before the prp.: a-paribrūhayi, Ja V 361,16*,
a-vissaji (or corr. to avassaji), Ja VI 79,20*, a-pā-
pessaṁ, Ja II 11,18; or between two prp.: pacc-a-
niyyāsi, DN II 22,18 (also in the imp. -āhi(l), ib.
16; perhaps we have here pacca = sa. pratyak),
ajjhavodahi (?) Ja V 365,29*.
Rem. b. The augment is sometimes added to other
forms of the verb than those to which it properly be-
longs: ud-a-patto si, Ja III 484,22*, cf. so ca vegen'
ud-a-(p)patto, ib. V 71,11*; 73,15' (see Fsb. Bern
p. 35 (41)); vy-a-sanna (= visanna) Ja IV 399,6*,
480,7*, 486,9*; pacc-a-niyyāhi, DN II 22,16 (but see
above, rem. a); perhaps also in nir-a-ssajanti (= nis-
sajanti), Sn. 791, if not a blending of nirassati and
nissajati as suggested Pj II 717,6).
Rem. c. Sometimes we find augmented aor. with
the terminations of the present tense: a-pucchasi,
Sn. 1050; a-siñcati Vv-a 307,12' (with two pi path a)
(cf. 1a above); otherwise it deserves to be noticed
that as we have aor. directly derived from the special
present stems, e. g. sam-a-tiṭṭhata, pa-hiṇi, so we
have, vice versa, pres. pâheti (q. v.) after the ana-
logy of aor. pâhesi, where â contains the augment.
Rem. d. As for a-pabbaji, a-gaṇhi, a-labhiṁsu,
a-sakkhi, a-heṭhayuṁ, etc., where a has a negative
meaning, see below under 3a- (7).
